Free PMP Exam Sample Question
Question:
You have just been appointed as a project manager for a long-term project, which is in its execution phase. You discover that the project team is not motivated and is not performing to the standards required. After further investigation, you learn that your company has been hiring team members on a short-term, contractual basis. As a result, the project team members are not developing a long-term commitment towards the project. You have decided to motivate the team members by offering them long-term positions. Your strategy works and your team members become motivated. Your motivational strategy is an example of which of the following theories?
A. Theory X
B. Theory Y
C. Theory Z
D. Theory A
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HINT: This theory was developed by Dr. William Ouchi.
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Answer and Explanation:
The Correct Answer is C.
Theory Z was developed by Dr. William Ouchi and concerns increasing employee loyalty to their organizations. It was developed in Japan in the 1980's when jobs were often offered for life. This theory has the following benefits; 1) It results in increased productivity 2) It emphasizes the well-being of the employees both at work and outside of work 3) It encourages steady employment and 4) It leads to high employee satisfaction and morale. On the other hand, Theory X and Theory Y describe two very different management attitudes toward workforce motivation in terms of workforce supervision, which has nothing to do with offering long-term positions.